This page is in English.

Fushidansekkyo-theme Pages News - my personal remarks in Japanese News - my personal remarks in English My Published Papers (1998 and 2001) in Japanese tr. My Published Papers in English Fushidansekkyo Written Material (Macaronic) Fushidansekkyo Audio Video Material in Japanese Fushidansekkyo Audio Video Material in English My Master's Thesis (1996) in Japanese tr. My Master's Thesis in English My Notes and Bibliography in Japanese tr. My Notes and Bibliography in English Good Websites to Visit (Macaronic) Glossary of Japanese Words and Names in English Macaronic: Both English letters and Japanese characters as Text are on the same page. (Without a font - get garbled) The following are additional and epexegetical pages: Fushidansekkyo and Performing Arts in Japanese Fushidansekkyo and Performing Arts in English Lyrics with Japanese translation (Macaronic) Lyrics of some of Gospel songs in English Spirituals and "Exodus" in Japanese Please note that: 1. This is an adjunct (subsidiary page) to the content of the Glossary on www.hdever.com. 2. The right side menu shows the content of both this "Abbreviated Chronological Table of Kamakura Period" page and the Glossary page. By clicking on each linked title or word, you will jump to the place where each description starts either on this Chronology page or on the Glossary page. 3. A chronology on this page is an abbreviated chronological table of the Kamakura period in Japan. 4. The chronological table shows (1) Japanese Emperor Names in the Emperor column, (2) Japanese Imperial Era Names in the Kamakura period in the Era Name column, (3) What year it was in the Christian Era (the dominical year) in the Christian Year column, and (4) Japanese Buddhism related events in the Japanese Buddhism column. 5. The Japanese Buddhism related events in a table cell of the Japanese Buddhism column are principally limited to those touched upon on the Fushidansekkyo-theme pages. 6. In the Japanese Buddhism column, I am trying to place Japanese Buddhism related events in a chronological sequence, but there is many an event the date of which is not known except for the believed or presumed year when it took place. This Chronology page contains: • Era names in the Kamakura period (a chronological table) • Simplified border maps of the old provinces • The term "Togoku" with a map The Glossary page contains: A:Ado wo Utsu,Agui,Ai,Aibetsuriku,Amida Butsu,Anjin,Anraku Shu. B:Biwa Hoshi,Boro,Buppo. C:Choken. D:Dai Muryoju kyo,Dan,Dengyo Daishi,Do Nyu Wa Go Kai,Dosai. E:Eko,Etoki. F:Fushi,Fushidansekkyo,Futai. G:Ganmon,Geino,Genkoshakusho,Gobunsho,"Gosho no Ichidaiji,"Gyakushu,Gyokuyo. H:Hachiman Daibosatsu,Hayasu,Higan,Hiyu Innen Dan,Ho,Ho Gei Ichinyo,Hogo,Hoin,Honen,Hongan,Hongwan,Hyobyaku. I:Ikko Senju. J:Jizai,Jodomon,Jujubibasha-ron. K:Kagura,Kaidanbanashi,Kami,Kan,Kanezane Kujo,Kanno Doko,Kannon,Katarimono,Ki,Kokan,Koo,Kotodama,Koza,Ku,Ku,Kumano Bikuni,Kurikara Ryuo. L:None. M:Matsuri,Meigetsuki,Mida Hongan Shiso,Mon soku Shin,Mon Po,Muge,Mujo,Myoho,Myokonin. N:Na Mu A Mi Da Butsu,Nanto Hokurei,Narisukeoki,Nembutsu,Niga Byakudo,Ninjobanashi,Nosetsu,"Nyo Ze Ga Mon." O:Obo,Ofumi,Ondobo,Ondogyo. P:None. Q:None. R:Renni,Rennyo,Rennyo's Rokuji Shaku,Rokkakudo,Rokudo (Rikudo),Ryu,Ryujin. S:Seikaku,Seisuisho,Sekkyo,Sekkyobushi,Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu,Senjaku Hongwan Nembutsu Shu,Sensu,Shiguzeigan,Shin,Shinjin,Shinran,Shodomon,Shonin,Shonin,Sonpibunmyaku,Shugendo. T:"Tasuke tamae to tanomu (Tasuke tamahe to tanomu),"Togoku with a map. U:Uke Nembutsu,Utaimono. V:None. W:Wasan. X:None. Y:Yogoto,Yuzu-nembutsu Shu. Z:Zasu,Zendo.

Imperial Era Names in the Kamakura Period (a chronological table)

The Kamakura period: from 1192 (the third year of kenkyu ), the year when Minamoto no Yoritomo became a Seii Taishogun [Barbarian-quelling Generalissimo], to 1333 (the third year of genko ), the year when Takatoki Hojo (Hojo, Takatoki), the fourteenth regent of the Kamakura Bakufu [Kamakura Shogunate], was overthrown. Please note that there are various theories as to when the Kamakura period began. The most generally accepted theory determines the year of the beginning of the Kamakura period as 1185 (the first year of bunji), the year when Yoritomo destroyed the Heike (Heike [Taira] clan), and held power over the military and the police force. And there is the theory that considers 1183 (the second year of juei), the year when Yoritomo's administrative authority over the eastern provinces (Togoku ) was granted, to be the year when the Kamakura period began. Another theory suggests that in 1180 (the fourth year of jisho), Yoritomo raised an army against the Heike, which was the beginning of the Kamakura period.
The Muromachi period: from 1336 (the third year of kenmu ).

• The words in parentheses in a table cell of the Emperor column are, for an Emperor, 1. the emperor's personal name, 2. his reign in month-day-year format (reigned month.day.year), and, for a Cloistered Emperor, the period of his cloister government in month-day-year format (governed month.day.year), which is displayed in smaller font size and gray font color. "Cloistered Emperor" that precedes a cloistered emperor's name is abbreviated to "CE" in this Emperor column.
• The dominical year in a table cell of the Christian Year column indicates the continuance of the era name. (When set down with the inclusion of the year that a change in era name was instituted, the final year of the era name will be the dominical year enclosed with parentheses and displayed in smaller font size and gray font color.)
• The Japanese Buddhism related events in a table cell of the Japanese Buddhism column are principally limited to those touched upon on the Fushidansekkyo-theme pages. In this column, I use the word "disciple" for the ardent followers that Shinran had, though, as is well known, Shinran refused to recognize any disciples. As for the old province names mentioned in this column, please see simplified border maps of the old provinces with explanations below.

Emperor	Era Name	Christian Year	Japanese Buddhism
CE Goshirakawa (governed 8.11.1158 [hogen 3] to 11.20.1179 [jisho 3]) Emperor Takakura (Norihito, reigned 2.19.1168 to 2.21.1180)	angen	1175 — 1176 (1177}	• Honen definitively abandons the other practices and takes refuge in the Nembutsu (spring, joan 5/angen 1: 1175). (0) • Choken was bestowed the rank of Hoin (angen 3: 1177).
CE Takakura (governed 2.21.1180 [jisho 4] to 12.18.1180 [jisho 4]) CE Goshirakawa (governed 1.7.1181 [jisho 5] to 3.13.1192 [kenkyu 3])	jisho	1177 — 1180 (1181}	• A destructive fire called "Taro Jomo " occurs in Kyoto, and the Outer Palace Precincts, Court noble residences, and over 100 town blocks are lost (4th month, jisho 1: 1177). • Honen leaves Hirodani for Higashiyama Otani (1177). • A very strong earthquake strikes Kinai, and the giant bell and the head (spiral hairs on top) of the Great Buddha fall at Todai-ji (10th month, jisho 1: 1177). • A destructive fire called "Jiro Jomo" occurs in Kyoto (4th month, jisho 2: 1178). • An epidemic called "Senbyo" spreads (jisho 3: 1179). • The existing first entry of Teika's Meigetsuki (2nd month, jisho 4: 1180). • Yoritomo raises an army (8th month, jisho 4: 1180). • Taira no Shigehira sets fire to the southern capital Nara. Most temple buildings of Todai-ji and Kofuku-ji are destroyed by fire (12th month, jisho 4: 1180). • Taira no Kiyomori dies (2nd intercalary month, jisho 5: 1181).
Emperor Antoku (Tokihito, reigned 2.21.1180 to 3.24.1185)	yowa	1181 (— 1182)	• Shinran ordained by Dokai (Jien ) (spring, jisho 5/yowa 1: 1181). • Jien perceives the manifestation of Kurikara Ryuo during his confinement in Myooin on the Katsura River in Omi (summer, yowa 1: 1181). (1) • Nationwide famine of Yowa strikes, and the stench of the countless dead hovers throughout (1181).
	juei	1182 —	• Choken's sermon at the service for Kokamonin (12th month, juei 1: 1182).
Emperor Gotoba (Takahira, reigned 8.20.1183 to 1.11.1198) (2)		— 1184 (1185)	• Kiso Yoshinaka invades Kyoto. The only day Honen does not study (7th month, juei 2: 1183). • Yoritomo's administrative authority over the eastern provinces is granted by an imperial order called "Jugatsu Senji" of Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa (10th month, juei 2: 1183).
	genryaku	1184 (— 1185)	• Extraordinary phenomena in heaven (1st month, genryaku 2: 1185). (I)
	bunji	1185 — 1189 (1190)	• The Heike is destroyed (3rd month, bunji 1: 1185). • A severe earthquake strikes Omi and Kinai, and takes a heavy toll of lives (7th month, bunji 1: 1185). The main quake and aftershocks going on for about 3 months rattles people, inciting fear of "Heike's curse," while fuelling a view of "all things are impermanent" interacted synergistically with the theory of the "period of the last and decadent Dharma." • Provincial military governors (Shugo) and estate stewards (Jito) are placed (11th month, bunji 1: 1185). • Honen's Ohara Mondo (Ohara Debate) (1186 or in 1189). • Honen makes his first appearance before Kanezane (1st of 8th month, bunji5: 1189). • Kanezane accepts the precepts and starts the Nembutsu practice under Honen (8th of 8th month, bunji5: 1189). • Saigyo passes away (16th of 2nd month, bunji 6: 1190).
CE Gotoba (governed 1.11.1198 [kenkyu 9] to 7.6.1221 [jokyu 3])	kenkyu	1190 — 1198 (1199)	• Yosai (also Eisai), founder of Rinzai Zen, returns from Sung China (2nd time) (7th month, kenkyu 2), and performs Zen sitting meditation, conforming to "Zengi," (3) for the first time in Japan (8th month, kenkyu 2: 1191). • Choken's sermon at the Gyakushu service for curing Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa's ailment (3rd of 12th month, kenkyu 2: 1191). • Seikaku's sermon at the Gyakushu service for Cloistered Emperor Goshirakawa (22nd of 12th month, kenkyu 2: 1191). • Yoritomo is appointed a Seii Taishogun (7th month, kenkyu 3: 1192). • Kumagai no Naozane becomes Honen's disciple (11th month, kenkyu 3: 1192). • Zen Buddhism is prohibited as demanded by Enryaku-ji (7th month, kenkyu 5: 1194). • Honen writes Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu (The Collection of Passages on the Nembutsu Chosen in the Original Vow) (spring, kenkyu 9: 1198). • Yosai writes Kozen Gokoku Ron (Propagation of Zen for the Protection of the Country) (1198).
Emperor Tsuchimikado (Tamehito, reigned 1.11.1198 to 11.25.1210)	shoji	1199 — 1200 (1201)	• Yoritomo dies (1st month, shoji 1: 1199). • Yosai goes down to Kamakura, and Yoritomo's legitimate wife, Masako, becomes a devout believer. (1199). (4) • Dogen , founder of Soto Zen, is born (1200).
	kennin	1201 — 1203 (1204)	• Shinran's confinement in Rokkakudo (1201). • Shinran becomes Honen's disciple, abandons sundry practices and takes refuge in the Primal Vow (1201). • Kanezane ordained by Honen (1st month, kennin 2: 1202). • Yosai erects Kennin-ji with support of the Kamakura Bakufu (the ground breaking; 6th month, kennin 2: 1202). • Choken passes away (6th of 8th month, kennin 3: 1203). • The authority of the Hojo is intensified in the Kamakura Bakufu and takes on the character of acting Shogun (1203).
	genkyu	1204 — 1205 (1206)	• Mt. Hiei's armed monks appeal to the Tendai Zasu Shinsho to stop the Nembutsu (10th month, genkyu 1: 1204). • Honen issues Shichikajo Kishomon (Seven Article Pledge) (11th month, genkyu 1: 1204). • Shinran is allowed to copy Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu (the wood-ox year of genkyu era: 1205). (5) ⊆ Shinran is given the copy of Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu inscribed by Honen with the title inside, the words, and Shinran's then name "Shakku " (14th of 4th month, genkyu 2: 1205). Shinran copys Honen's portrait (on the same day). • Honen writes on the portrait Shinran's newly changed name [inferably, Zenshin ] according to a revelation in a dream (29th of 7th intercalary month, genkyu 2: 1205). • Seikaku cures Honen's ailment by his preaching (8th month, genkyu 2: 1205). • Kofuku-ji's monks appeal to the Imperial Court to stop the Nembutsu (10th month, genkyu 2: 1205). • Seikaku's sermon at the service for Gishumonin (4th month, genkyu 3: 1206).
	kenei	1206 (— 1207)	• Seikaku's sermon at the memorial service for a nephew of Jien (9th month, kenei 1: 1206).
	jogen or shogen	1207 — 1210 (1211)	• Religious persecution called Jogen no Honan (1207). ∈ The Nembutsu practice prohibited (2nd month, jogen 1: 1207). Anraku, Juren, and the other two executed. Shinran banished to Echigo. (6) Order for Honen's exile to Tosa issued (3rd month, jogen 1: 1207). • Kanezane dies (4th month, jogen 1: 1207). • Imperial Order for Honen's pardon issued (12th month, jogen 1: 1207). • Honen stays at the Kachiodera (Kachio-ji) in Settsu (1208).
Emperor Juntoku (Morinari, reigned 11.25.1210 to 4.20.1221)	kenryaku	1211 — 1212 (1213)	• Honen permitted to return to Kyoto (8th month, kenryaku 1: 1211). • Shinran released from banishment (11th month, kenryaku 1: 1211). • Honen begins to live at Higashiyama Otani (1211). • Honen writes Ichimai Kishomon (One Sheet Document) (23rd of 1st month, Kenryaku 2: 1212). • Honen passes away (25th of 1st month, kenryaku 2: 1212). • Seikaku's sermon at the hundredth day service for Shunkamonin (2nd month, kenryaku 2: 1212). • Koben (Myoe ) of Kegon Buddhism writes Zaijarin to criticize Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu (11th month, kenryaku 2: 1212).
	kenpo	1213 — 1218 (1219)	• Seikaku performs the 7-day Nembutsu service for Honen at Shinnyodo (1st month, kenpo 2: 1214). • While staying in Sanuki, Shinran reflects on his desire of freeing people from the world of suffering through the Merit of his recitation of Jodo Sanbukyo (the Triple Pure Land Sutras), and stops doing this (1214). • Shinran enters the eastern region frontier Hitachi (1214). • Yosai passes away in Kamakura (5th of 6th month, kenpo 3) or in Kyoto (5th of 7th month, kenpo 3) (kenpo 3: 1215). (7) • Hino Saemonnojo becomes Shinran's disciple (1217).
	jokyu	1219 —	• The Genji is destroyed. The Hojo regency starts (1219).
Emperor Chukyo (Kanenari, reigned 4.20.1221 to 7.9.1221) CE Gotakakura (governed 7.8.1221 [jokyu 3] to 5.14.1223 [joo 2]) (8)		— 1221 (1222)	• The development of the military epics (jokyu 2: 1220). • The Jokyu Disturbance (Cloistered Emperor Gotoba's abortive attempt to overthrow the Kamakura Bakufu) breaks (5th month, jokyu 3: 1221). • Seikaku writes Yuishinsho (Essentials of Faith Alone) (4th of the middle ten days of 8th month [14th of 8th month], jokyu3: 1221). • Yamabushi Bennen becomes Shinran's disciple (1221). • The Tale of the Heike might appear up to this time after the kennin era (1221). • Nichiren , founder of Nichiren Shu , is born (1222).
Emperor Gohorikawa (Yutahito, reigned 7.9.1221 to 10.4.1232)	joo	1222 — 1223 (1224)
	gennin	1224 (— 1225)	• Senju Nembutsu (the Single-Minded Recitation of the Nembutsu) is prohibited as demanded by Enryaku-ji (1224). • Kyogyoshinsho (On Teaching, Practice, Faith, and Enlightenment) comes into existence. (1224). (9)
	karoku	1225 — 1226 (1227)	• Jien passes away (25th of 9th month, karoku 1: 1225). • Karoku no Honan (karoku 3: 1227). ∈ Mt. Hiei's monks try to exhume Honen's body. The engraving block of Senchaku Hongan Nembutsu Shu burned. Sinran's respected senior Ryukan and others exiled to distant places.
	antei	1227 — 1228 (1229)	• Dogen returns from Sung China, and re-enters into Kennin-ji and writes Fukanzazengi (Universal Recommendation of Zazen) (autumn, 1227).
	kangi or kanki	1229 — 1231 (1232)	• Shinran transcribes Yuishinsho (25th of 5th month, kangi 2: 1230). • Nationwide famine of Kangi strikes (1230). • Mighty famine stays, and even the capital, Kyoto, is strewn with the bodies of those who have died of starvation (1231). • His reciting Muryojukyo (the Buddha of Infinite Life Sutra) in a twilight state when in bed with a fever makes Shinran realize, again, that man's obsession and dependence on the self-power must be watched out for carefully, reawakening memories of his then desire in Sanuki about 17 years ago (4th month, kangi 3: 1231).
CE Gohorikawa (governed 10.4.1232 [joei 1] to 8.6.1234 [bunryaku 1])	joei	1232 (— 1233)	• Shinran returns to Kyoto (joei 1: 1232).
Emperor Shijo (Mitsuhito, reigned 10.4.1232 to 1.9.1242)	tenpuku (a)	1233 (— 1234)	• Dogen becomes the founder of Kosho-ji in Uji, Yamashiro (1233). • The Kamakura Bakufu prohibits Senju Nembutsu (tenpuku 2: 1234).
	bunryaku	1234 (— 1235)
	katei	1235 — 1237 (1238)	• Seikaku passes away (5th of 3rd month, katei 1: 1235).
	ryakunin (b)	1238 (— 1239)
	eno	1239 (— 1240)	• Ippen , founder of Ji Shu , is born (eno 1: 1239).
	ninji	1240 — 1242 (1243)	• Dogen shows "Kokyo " (Chapter 19 in Shobo Genzo) to monks at Kosho-ji (1241).
Emperor Gosaga (Kunihoto, reigned 1.20.1242 to 1.29.1246) CE Gosaga (governed 1.29.1246 [kangen 4] to 2.17.1272 [bunei 9])	kangen	1243 — 1246 (1247)	• Dogen relocates to Echizen, and erects Daibutsu-ji (Eihei-ji) (1243). • A conveyance of a presumed maid, Iya-onna (21st of 12th month, kangen 1: 1243).
Emperor Gofukakusa (Hisahito, reigned 1.29.1246 to 11.26.1259)	hoji	1247 — 1248 (1249)	• Genpeijosuiki might appear by this time (1247). • Shinran composes Jodo Wasan (Hymns on the Pure Land) and Koso Wasan (Hymns on the Great Masters) (21st of 1st month, hoji 2: 1248).
	kencho	1249 — 1255 (1256)	• Shinran writes Yuishinsho Moni (Notes on 'Essentials of Faith Alone') (1250). • Shinran defuses the misplaced argument in Hitachi over Unen-Munen [discriminating thought v. the absence of it] (9th intercalary month, kencho 3: 1251). • Shinran expostulates with people in Kanto on their distorted discretion, Zoaku Muge (chartered evil) (1252). • Nichiren's proclamation of his new gospel with a resounding cry of the Odaimoku (Sacred Title) (4th month, kencho 5: 1253). • The original form of Dogen's Shobo Genzo (Treasury of the Eye of True Teaching) is written (1253). • Dogen passes away at the house of his lay disciple Kakunen (28th of 8th month, kencho 5: 1253). • Shinran enlightens a Nembutsu practitioner from Kasama on the self-power and the Other-Power (3rd of 10th month, kencho 7: 1255). • Shinran's abode at Gojo Nishinotoin suffers from a fire (year-end, 1255). (10) • Choen draws a portrait of Shinran, "Anjo no Miei" (1255). • Shinran renounces his son Zenran for having deceived people in Kanto by claiming falsely that he had been initiated into his father's "true meaning" (29th of 5th month, kencho 8: 1256). (11)
	kogen	1256 (— 1257)	• The ten-character Name and the eight-character Name (25th of 10th month, kogen 1: 1256). • The six-character Name and the ten-character Name (28th of 10th month, kogen 1: 1256).
	shoka	1257 — 1258 (1259)	• Shinran writes Ichinen Tanen Moni (Notes on Once-calling and Many-calling) (1257). • Famine of Shoka starts (1258).
	shogen	1259 (— 1260)	• It is said that everyone in the land suffers from hunger and thirst. Nationwide epidemic breaks out (1259).
Emperor Kameyama (Tsunehito, reigned 11.26.1259 to 1.26.1274)	buno	1260 (— 1261)	• Nichiren presents Rissho Ankoku Ron (Treatise on Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing the True Dharma) (1260).
	kocho	1261 — 1263 (1264)	• Shinran passes away at Zenpobo (the living quarters of his brother, Tendai monk Jinnu ) (28th of 11th month, kocho 2: 1262).
CE Kameyama (governed 1.26.1274 [bunei 11] to 10.21.1287 [koan 10])	bunei	1264 — 1274 (1275)	• Nichiren banished to Sado (1271). • Nichiren is released from banishment (2nd month, bunei 11: 1274), and enters in Mt. Minobu (1274). • The term "ippen (one universality)" being repeated three times in a given verse of epiphany called "Gongen Jikiju no Ge " during his confinement in Shoseiden, Ippen changes his then name "Chishin " to "Ippen," and resolves to spend his life as a wanderer to spread the practice of the Nembutsu (summer, buei 11: 1274). (12) • The Mongolian (Yuan Mongol Dynasty) Expedition against Japan of Bunei (10th month, bunei 11: 1274).
Emperor Gouta (Yohito, reigned 1.26.1274 to 10.21.1287)	kenji	1275 — 1277 (1278)
CE Gofukakusa (governed 10.21.1287 [koan 10] to 2.11.1290 [shoo 3]) (13)	koan	1278 — 1287 (1288)	• Ippen begins to dance in religious rapture in Saku, Shinano (koan 2: 1279). • The Mongolian Expedition against Japan of Koan (6th month, koan 4: 1281). • Nichiren passes away at the house of his devout follower Munenaka in Ikegami, Musashi (13th of 10th month, koan 5: 1282).
Emperor Fushimi (Teruhito, reigned 10.21.1287 to 7.22.1298)	shoo	1288 — 1292 (1293)	• Ippen, who is popularly called "Yugyo Shonin (Wandering Saint)," passes away in a temple building dedicated to Kannon in Hyogotsu, Settsu (23rd of 8th month, shoo 2: 1289). • Tannisho might be compiled by this time (shoo 5: 1292). • A severe earthquake strikes Kanto, and the quake death toll reaches over twenty-three thousand (4th month, Shoo 6: 1293). • A devastating drought (6th - 8th month, Shoo 6: 1293).
CE Fushimi (governed 7.22.1298 [einin 6] to 1.21.1301 [shoan 3])	einin	1293 — 1298 (1299)
Emperor Gofushimi (Tanehito, reigned 7.22.1298 to 1.21.1301) CE Gouta (governed 1.21.1301 [shoan 3] to 8.26.1308 [enkyo 1])	shoan	1299 — 1301 (1301)
Emperor Gonijo (Kuniharu, reigned 1.21.1301 to 8.25.1308)	kengen or kangen	1302 (— 1303)
	kagen	1303 — 1305 (1306)
	tokuji	1306 — 1307 (1308)
Emperor Hanazono (Tomihito, reigned 8.26.1308 to 2.26.1318) CE Fushimi (governed 8.26.1308 [enkyo 1] to 10.14.1313 [showa 2])	enkyo	1308 — 1310 (1311)
	ocho	1311 (— 1312)
CE Gofushimi (governed 10.14.1313 [showa 2] to 2.26.1318 [bunho 2])	showa	1312 — 1316 (1317)
CE Gouta (governed 2.26.1318 [bunho 2] to 12.9.1321 [genko 1])	bunho	1317 — 1318 (1319)
Emperor Godaigo (Takaharu, reigned 2.26.1318 to 8.15.1339)	geno	1319 — 1320 (1321)
CE Gofushimi (governed 9.20.1331 [genko 1] to 5.17.1333 [genko 2])	genko	1321 — 1323 (1324)	• The work of Kokan Shiren, Genkoshakusho in thirty-volumes, appears. (1322). • Gosan Bungaku (Literature of the Five Mountains) rises (1322).
	shochu	1324 — 1325 (1326)
	karyaku	1326 — 1328 (1329)
	gentoku	1329 — 1330 (1331)
∩ The Northern Dynasty - the first emperor Kogon (Kazuhito, reigned 9.20.1331 to 5.17.1333)	genko ∩ Shokyo or Shokei	1331 — 1333 (1334) ∩ 1332 — 1333 (Kogon deposed, Era name restored to genko)	• The Kamakura Bakufu is overthrown (1333).
∩ TND - Komyo (Toyohito, reigned 8.15.1336 [kenmu 3] to 10.27.1348)	kenmu	1334 — 1335 (1336)	∩ The period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties starts (kenmu 3: 1336).

Long ago, I, a monk of miserable accomplishment, chanced to read this book by Shan-tao and came to understand its meaning in a rough and general manner. Thereupon I definitively abandoned the other practices and took refuge in the Nembutsu. From then on, up to the present day, both as my own practice and as my teaching to others, I have concentrated on the Nembutsu alone.
Morris J. Augustine and Tessho Kondo, The Collection of Passages on the Nembutsu Chosen in the Original Vow (Berkeley, California: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, 1997), p. 140.

(Mars has been called Kasei [Kuwasei in the old Japanese reading way], the "star of fire" in kanji characters, but it was often called Keikoku [also read as Keiwaku] in the records written in the Kamakura period, including Gyokuyo)

It is indeed an incomparable and supreme collection of fine passages, an unsurpassed and profound scripture. Out of the thousands of people who received his teaching, personally or otherwise, over many days and years, very few were allowed to read and copy this book. Nevertheless, I was allowed to copy it and also make a copy of Genku's portrait.
Hisao Inagaki tr., Kyogyoshinsho: On Teaching, Practice, Faith, And Enlightenment (Berkeley, California: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, 2003), pp. 337-338.

From that year with the [cyclical sign] "water-monkey" [by a combination of the ninth of the ten calendar signs and the ninth of the twelve zodiac signs] to the first year of gennin with the [cyclical sign] "wood-monkey" [by a combination of the first of the ten calendar signs and the ninth of the twelve zodiac signs] in this country, it is two thousand one hundred and eighty-three years.
(Genpo Hoshino, Mitsuyuki Ishida, and Saburo Ienaga nns., Kyogyoshinsho, Genten Nihonbukkyo no Shiso 6 [Japan: Iwanami Shoten, 1990], p. 217.)

• Emperor and Christian Year clumns - cf. Akira Muramatsu and Akiho Yamaguchi and Toshimasa Wada eds., Kogo Jiten [The Dictionary of Archaic Words], Revised and New Edition (Japan: Obun Sha, 1988), a comparative time chart of Christian and Japanese eras in the appendix to this archaic words dictionary. Rekishi Techo 1995 [History Notebook] (Japan: Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 1995), a list of successive emperors and an Occidental-Chinese-Japanese comparative chronological table in the appendix to this handbook.
• Japanese Buddhidm clumn - cf. "Eshinni Shosoku [Letters of the Nun Eshinni]" in Mizumaro Ishida nn., Shinran Zenshu, Bekkan (Japan: Shunju Sha, 1987). "Kaisetsu [Exposition]" in Genpo Hoshino, Mitsuyuki Ishida, and Saburo Ienaga nns., Kyogyoshinsho, op. cit. Masahide Sato, "Hisohizoku wo Megutte [Centering on "Being neither a priest nor a layman"]," Bukkyo, independent volume 1 [1988.11], feature issue: Shinran (Japan: Hozokan). Sho-on Hattori, A Raft From the Other Shore: Honen and the way of Pure Land Buddhism (Japan: Jodo Shu Press, 2000). Shuichi Murayama, op. cit. Shunsho Terakawa, op. cit. Tetsuo Yamaori, Nihon Bukkyoshiso no Genryu [The origins of the Japanese Buddhistic thought] (Japan: Kodan Sha, 1987). Shuyu Kanaoka, Koyu Tamura, and Akira Suganuma, "Bukkyo [Buddhism]," op. cit. Tsuneyuki Kawasaki, "Kamakura Bukkyo," op. cit. Genkoshakusho. Genpeijosuiki. Gyokuyo. Meigetsuki. Narisukeoki. Sonpibunmyaku.